Klorfasil

Klorfasil is a locally produced granulated chlorine solution for treating water.

Snapshot
Manufacturing & delivery
Performance & use
Research & standards
Feedback

Product description Brand name and product description

Klorfasil is a locally produced chlorination product for drinking water treatment in rural Haiti. This NGO (also named Klorfasil) sells granulated chlorine, sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate (NaDCC), for disinfection. Klorfasil is intended for household use to reduce transmission of water-borne disease and incidences of diarrhoea.

Target region(s) Target region for distribution/implementation (listed by country if specified)

Haiti

Distributors/implementing organizations Organization(s) distributing/deploying this product directly to communities/individuals?"

Klorfasil

Market suggested retail price Price per unit or service price per usage/terms (USD). Subsidies noted.

Full price is $10.00 USD; With a heavy subsidization, the price is lowered to $2.50 USD per bottle for local sales. Subsidies are funded by the sponsoring foundations (Klorfasil)

Competitive landscape Similar products available on the market. May not be a comprehensive listing.

Gadyen Dlo from Deep Springs International

SDG targeted United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targeted with this product/application/service

Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation

Target user(s) Target user/consumer base (country, income segment)

Rural households in Haiti.

Manufacturing/building method(s) Detail regarding solution production or construction method (instructions, mass production capacity, custom made,etc...)

Klorfasil dispensers are assembled by hand in Haiti.^Interview ^with ^{representative}

Product Intellectual Property Open source/IP protected (note patent)/trade secret/other?

Unknown.

User Provision Model Where can the product be purchased/acquired by end users?

Donations are generally distributed by Klorfasil in sponsorship or association with some other organisations. ^Interview ^with ^{representative}

Distribution to date Number of units that have been deployed, downloads or users to date

As of January 2012, over 22,000 units have been deployed.

Fields marked are sourced values that have been evaluated by the manufacturer or a third party, all others are design specifications.

Active Chemical and concentration (%)

Active chemical and concentration (%) of the product (not the concentration of the treated water)

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate, NaDCC (56%)

Form

Form of the chemical disinfection

Granulated

Dosing method: Batch or flow-through

Does the water flow through a treatment system or does it remain in a container?

Batch

Dosing method: Automatic or manual

Is the dose of the chemical administered automatically or manually?

Manual

Dosing quantity

Manufacturer-specified dosing quantity

Based on NTU; if 10 NTU, use 2 doses

Contact time (min)

Manufacturer-specified time until water is potable, measured in minutes

30 min

Target free disinfectant residual (mg/L)

Remaining level of chemical concentration after manufacturer-specified contact time

2 mg/L

Bacteria reduction

Laboratory-evaluated log scale removal rate of bacteria

Unknown

Virus reduction

Laboratory-evaluated log scale removal rate of viruses

Unknown

Protozoa reduction

Laboratory-evaluated log scale removal rate of protozoa

Unknown

Heavy metals and/or arsenic reduction

Reduction levels of heavy metals and/or arsenic through this treatment system

Unknown

Treatment lifespan (days)

How long can the treated water remain protected and safe to drink?

28-56 (for turbid to clear waters, respectively)

Maximum recommended influent turbidity level (NTU)

Manufacturer-specified maximum level of inlet turbidity (NTU)

10 NTU is treatable, change dosage to reflect higher turbidity

Design specifications Component and Operation overview including power, portability, facility requirements, preventative maintenance and user training requirements

1 ounce bottles, contain 70 mg of granulated chlorine, weigh 45 grams each is enough for treating 20L water. Each bottle is labeled in Haitian Creole, with product composition, volume of water treatable, and instructions. The chemical NaDCC uses hypochlorous acid to disinfect. The compound has been proven for reducing microbial contamination.

Product schematics Design and assembly illustrations

None

Technical support Technical support provided by

Support is provided by Klorfasil Technicians.

Replacement components Availability of replacement components (in-country, by order,...)

Replacement parts (such as the dosing valve) are readily available, but very unlikely to be needed. ^Interview ^with ^{representative}

Lifecycle Disposal and warranty

Can be stored up to 5 years, even in hot/humid tropical climates.

Manufacturer specified performance targets Designer / Manufacturer specified targets

1 bottle treats 450 five-gallon buckets of water, totaling to 8,517 liters per bottle.

Vetted performance Findings of manufacturer evaluations or independent testing centers

“Program technicians in Hinche report greater than 90%+ positive results for active chlorine in program participant households.”-Klorfasil

Testing organizations Independent lab, academic research centers, etc.

Occidental Chemical Corporation tested the chlorine granules (Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate) and gained NSF approval.^Interview ^with ^{representative}

Safety Potential hazards / risks related to operation of this product

Avoid contact with eyes.

Complementary technical systems Performance of this product is improved with another technology (eg. Cookstoves and Wind-blocking skirts)

Use of filtration methods or products for pretreatment of water before adding klorfasil.

Academic research Academic research related to the product (e.g. published papers in peer-reviewed journals)

Clasen et al., 2006,Sodiumdichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) tablets as an alternative to sodium hypochlorite for the routine treatment of drinking water at the household level, International Journal of Hygiene and Environmental Health, Volume 209, Issue 2, 17 March 2006, Pages 173-181

Jain et al., 2010, Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate Tablets for Routine Treatment of Household Drinking Water in Periurban Ghana: A Randomized Controlled Trial, Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2010 Jan; 82(1): 16–22.

Clasen et al., 2007, Household water treatment using sodium dichloroisocyanurate (NaDCC) tablets: a randomized, controlled trial to assess microbiological effectiveness in Bangladesh, Am J Trop Med Hyg. 2007 Jan;76(1):187-92.

Compliance with regulations Product certifications and standards referenced by designer/manufacturer

NSF / ANSI Standard 60: Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals: Klorfasil is not specificially listed as complying, but dozens other companies selling sodium hypochlorite products for drinking water treatment are approved. This certifies that chemicals are safe at the maximum dose and that any impurities are below the maximum allowable limit.

US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) Registration: Klorfasil is not registered with the US EPA. Other products that use NaDCC for drinking water treatment are registered, however. For example, the manufacturer Occidental Chemical has had a NaDCC granule product registered for drinking water disinfection since 1996.

World Health Organization (WHO): The World Health Organization does not currently approve products for use to treat drinking water. However, the Guidelines for Drinking Water Quality lists NaDCC tablets as a point-of-use water treatment method commonly used to prevent diarrhea in developing countries and for travellers. Granular NaDCC is not specifically listed, although tabular NaDCC should perform the same as granular NaDCC if applied at the proper dose.

Evaluation methods Evaluation methods/protocols/guidelines referenced by designer or manufacturer.

The manufacturer tests the disinfected water in safe water storage container using DPD 1 Rapid test tabs, from LaMotte. They fill plastic test tube with 10 mL sample from the water, add DPD tablet, cap tube and shake gently. DPD tab will turn red in the presence of free chlorine; Klorfasil looks for a 0.5 ppm free chlorine residual after 30 minutes. If no free chlorine residual after 30 minutes, the water source must be changed to something with lower chlorine demand, or a second dose should be used. ^Interview ^with ^{representative}

Other information

Project Report to Unicef on “Assessing the Sustained Uptake Of Selected Point of Use Water Treatment Methods In Emergency Settings” by Clasen and Lantagne (December, 2010)

Thomassique blog

How to donate for Klorfasil

Klorfasil Safe Water Program

In context photographs (0)

You can use the form below to contribute a photo of this product.

In context files & documents (0)

Feedback from users, customers & distributors

Please let us know your experience in using this product through comments below.

Snapshot

Product description Brand name and product description

Target region(s) Target region for distribution/implementation (listed by country if specified)

Haiti

Distributors/implementing organizations Organization(s) distributing/deploying this product directly to communities/individuals?"

Klorfasil

Market suggested retail price Price per unit or service price per usage/terms (USD). Subsidies noted.

Full price is $10.00 USD; With a heavy subsidization, the price is lowered to $2.50 USD per bottle for local sales. Subsidies are funded by the sponsoring foundations (Klorfasil)

Competitive landscape Similar products available on the market. May not be a comprehensive listing.

Gadyen Dlo from Deep Springs International

SDG targeted United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) targeted with this product/application/service

Goal 6: Clean water and sanitation

Target user(s) Target user/consumer base (country, income segment)

Rural households in Haiti.

Manufacturing & delivery

Manufacturing/building method(s) Detail regarding solution production or construction method (instructions, mass production capacity, custom made,etc...)

Klorfasil dispensers are assembled by hand in Haiti.^Interview ^with ^{representative}

Product Intellectual Property Open source/IP protected (note patent)/trade secret/other?

Unknown.

User Provision Model Where can the product be purchased/acquired by end users?

Donations are generally distributed by Klorfasil in sponsorship or association with some other organisations. ^Interview ^with ^{representative}

Distribution to date Number of units that have been deployed, downloads or users to date

As of January 2012, over 22,000 units have been deployed.

Performance & use

Fields marked are sourced values that have been evaluated by the manufacturer or a third party, all others are design specifications.

Active Chemical and concentration (%)

Active chemical and concentration (%) of the product (not the concentration of the treated water)

Sodium dichloroisocyanurate dihydrate, NaDCC (56%)

Form

Form of the chemical disinfection

Granulated

Dosing method: Batch or flow-through

Does the water flow through a treatment system or does it remain in a container?

Batch

Dosing method: Automatic or manual

Is the dose of the chemical administered automatically or manually?

Manual

Dosing quantity

Manufacturer-specified dosing quantity

Based on NTU; if 10 NTU, use 2 doses

Contact time (min)

Manufacturer-specified time until water is potable, measured in minutes

30 min

Target free disinfectant residual (mg/L)

Remaining level of chemical concentration after manufacturer-specified contact time

2 mg/L

Bacteria reduction

Laboratory-evaluated log scale removal rate of bacteria

Unknown

Virus reduction

Laboratory-evaluated log scale removal rate of viruses

Unknown

Protozoa reduction

Laboratory-evaluated log scale removal rate of protozoa

Unknown

Heavy metals and/or arsenic reduction

Reduction levels of heavy metals and/or arsenic through this treatment system

Unknown

Treatment lifespan (days)

How long can the treated water remain protected and safe to drink?

28-56 (for turbid to clear waters, respectively)

Maximum recommended influent turbidity level (NTU)

Manufacturer-specified maximum level of inlet turbidity (NTU)

10 NTU is treatable, change dosage to reflect higher turbidity

Design specifications Component and Operation overview including power, portability, facility requirements, preventative maintenance and user training requirements

Product schematics Design and assembly illustrations

None

Technical support Technical support provided by

Support is provided by Klorfasil Technicians.

Replacement components Availability of replacement components (in-country, by order,...)

Replacement parts (such as the dosing valve) are readily available, but very unlikely to be needed. ^Interview ^with ^{representative}

Lifecycle Disposal and warranty

Can be stored up to 5 years, even in hot/humid tropical climates.

Manufacturer specified performance targets Designer / Manufacturer specified targets

1 bottle treats 450 five-gallon buckets of water, totaling to 8,517 liters per bottle.

Vetted performance Findings of manufacturer evaluations or independent testing centers

“Program technicians in Hinche report greater than 90%+ positive results for active chlorine in program participant households.”-Klorfasil

Testing organizations Independent lab, academic research centers, etc.

Occidental Chemical Corporation tested the chlorine granules (Sodium Dichloroisocyanurate) and gained NSF approval.^Interview ^with ^{representative}

Safety Potential hazards / risks related to operation of this product

Avoid contact with eyes.

Complementary technical systems Performance of this product is improved with another technology (eg. Cookstoves and Wind-blocking skirts)

Use of filtration methods or products for pretreatment of water before adding klorfasil.

Research & standards

Academic research Academic research related to the product (e.g. published papers in peer-reviewed journals)

Compliance with regulations Product certifications and standards referenced by designer/manufacturer

Evaluation methods Evaluation methods/protocols/guidelines referenced by designer or manufacturer.

Other information

Project Report to Unicef on “Assessing the Sustained Uptake Of Selected Point of Use Water Treatment Methods In Emergency Settings” by Clasen and Lantagne (December, 2010)

Thomassique blog

How to donate for Klorfasil

Klorfasil Safe Water Program

Feedback

In context photographs (0)

You can use the form below to contribute a photo of this product.

In context files & documents (0)

Feedback from users, customers & distributors

Please let us know your experience in using this product through comments below.

Solutions Library

Sign In

To search & compare 1000+ essential technologies

MSR/Stanford Venturi Doser

Aquatabs FLO

Norweco Bio-Dynamic® LF Series Tablet Feeders

PurAll Water Purification

MSR SE200 Community Chlorine Maker

H2gO Purifier

Water Pasteurization Indicator (WAPI)

WATA Products

Dispensers for Safe Water

Kouzin Dlo

Klorfasil

Klorfasil

In context photographs (0)

In context files & documents (0)

Feedback from users, customers & distributors